,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, Extended series and customized toric IOLs to correct higher astigmatism are also available. IOL misalignment may occur, which may warrant a secondary procedureĬurrently, toric IOLs are available in cylinder powers of 1.0 D to 12.0 D (0.67 D to 8.0 D at the corneal plane) and are intended to correct preexisting regular corneal astigmatism ranging from 0.75 D to 8.0 D. In addition to the general complications of cataract surgery, patients should be warned of a possible refractive surprise. It is, therefore, vital to treat existing ocular surface disease and normalize the cornea before surgical evaluation. It is difficult to obtain accurate measurements of presenting astigmatism in patients with chronic dry eye disease, narrow palpebral fissures, or deep-set eyes. The patient should undergo a complete comprehensive ocular examination to rule out any ocular comorbidities that may interfere with the postoperative outcomes. It is essential to ascertain the visual needs and desires of the astigmatic patients and know their expectations and past ocular and medical history to explore the potential possibilities of their ocular future. The relevant references cited in those articles were also searched. The literature search was performed in MEDLINE and Embase using “toric,” “toric intraocular lenses,” and “cataract surgery,” as keywords. This review provides a brief overview of toric IOLs along with the preoperative evaluation, IOL power calculation, different marking methods, intraoperative approach, postoperative outcomes, and possible complications. ,, Although the first models of toric IOL had high incidences of postoperative rotation, advances in the material and design of IOLs have resulted in improved rotational stability and precise visual outcomes. ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, , About 33% of the cases undergoing cataract surgery are found to have preoperative corneal astigmatism of ≥1.0 D, with 22% having >1.5 D of astigmatism and 8% having >2.0 D of astigmatism. Since then, toric IOLs are the most effective way of correcting astigmatism during cataract surgery due to their increased predictability and improved safety. first introduced toric IOLs in the early 1990s as three-piece nonfoldable polymethyl methacrylate implants, which can be inserted through a 5.7 mm incision. ![]() ![]() Studies have shown that a number of intraocular lenses (IOLs), especially multifocal or aspheric designs, are ineffective if residual astigmatism ≥1.0 diopter (D) is present after surgery. The current generation of cataract surgery has become a refractive procedure, and astigmatism management became an essential part of cataract surgery. Toric intraocular lens: A literature review. Keywords: Astigmatism, intraocular lens misalignment, multifocal toric intraocular lens, toric intraocular lens ![]() ![]() Functional and anatomical outcomes, including uncorrected visual acuity, residual refractive astigmatism, and postoperative IOL misalignment, which have been reported for both toric IOLs and multifocal toric IOLs, are reviewed. We present a brief overview of toric IOLs along with the preoperative evaluation, IOL power calculation, different marking methods, intraoperative approach, and postoperative outcomes. Understanding the importance of posterior corneal astigmatism, surgically induced astigmatism, and effective lens position in IOL power calculation and newer techniques to measure them directly have resulted in better postoperative refractive outcomes. An optimal surgical outcome depends on careful patient selection, complete preoperative evaluation, accurate IOL power calculation, precise marking of the axis, meticulous intraoperative approach, and methodical postoperative care. Toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) are universally recommended in cataract cases with preoperative corneal astigmatism ≥1.5 D. Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None Toric intraocular lens: A literature reviewġ Cataract and Glaucoma Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaĢ Sankara Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaĬataract and Glaucoma Services, Sankara Eye Hospital, Sathy Road, Sivanandapuram, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamil Nadu
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